Minutes matter — but do not panic. Follow the steps.
What to do now (bite / scratch / saliva exposure)
Step 1 — Wash immediately: Flush and wash for at least 15 minutes with soap and running water.
Step 2 — Antiseptic: Apply povidone-iodine (Betadine) or another suitable antiseptic if available.
Step 3 — Seek urgent care: Go to a clinic/hospital the same day if possible.
Step 4 — Discuss PEP: Vaccine is recommended for Category II/III exposures; Category III often needs immunoglobulin (HRIG/RIG).
Step 5 — Do not delay: If the animal is not available for testing/observation, PEP should not be postponed when rabies is plausible.
Step 2 — Antiseptic: Apply povidone-iodine (Betadine) or another suitable antiseptic if available.
Step 3 — Seek urgent care: Go to a clinic/hospital the same day if possible.
Step 4 — Discuss PEP: Vaccine is recommended for Category II/III exposures; Category III often needs immunoglobulin (HRIG/RIG).
Step 5 — Do not delay: If the animal is not available for testing/observation, PEP should not be postponed when rabies is plausible.
Download the printable guide: Rabies exposure & PEP (PDF).
Special situations
- Face/hand bites: higher risk due to rich nerve supply — treat as urgent.
- Bat exposure: direct contact can be considered Category III in many protocols.
- Children: may not report bites/scratches reliably — err on the side of medical assessment.
- Previously vaccinated: the PEP course may be shorter (see schedules page).
Always follow local clinical and public health guidance.